The United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) is bracing for a tense mandate renewal, more than 47 years after it was first deployed in southern Lebanon, as officials weigh regional changes, financial constraints, and local concerns.

Unlike previous extensions, which often passed smoothly, the upcoming renewal comes amid uncertainty and heightened scrutiny. UNIFIL, which comprises roughly 10,000 troops deployed on land and at sea from over 47 countries, lacks clear information on the renewal process. Preparations are underway for scenarios involving both reductions in troop numbers and adjustments to operational responsibilities.

Consultations with key powers, including the United States and France, indicate that the mandate is likely to be renewed, reflecting the ongoing need for UNIFIL as an indirect field communication channel between Israel and Lebanon. Lebanese authorities, however, are closely monitoring the Security Council’s decision regarding the force’s freedom of movement and the conditions of its renewal, which Israel, backed by the United States, would prefer to be final.

The consequences of UNIFIL’s potential withdrawal extend beyond political and security functions to significant economic impacts. Thousands of Lebanese families could lose their livelihoods, while local institutions—including municipalities, schools, and care centers—would lose development and service support, particularly in areas heavily affected after the 2006 war in southern Lebanon.

At UNIFIL headquarters in Naqoura, day-to-day operations continue, with patrols and site maintenance ongoing. Yet discussions among military and civilian personnel focus on the exceptional renewal in this extraordinary context.

Spokesperson Andrea Tenenti told Al-Modon the mission is awaiting the Security Council’s decision, with differing positions among member states, including the United States and France.

“It is too early to speculate on the outcome, so we must wait until August 25, when the Security Council holds its formal meeting on this matter,” he said.

Tenenti emphasized UNIFIL’s role in supporting the Lebanese army’s redeployment in the south, ensuring the Israeli army returns to its positions, and stabilizing the region. The mission also assists local communities affected by conflict for over 15 months and helps rebuild areas destroyed during hostilities.

Having served in southern Lebanon for 19 years, Tenenti said the mission’s work continues uninterrupted.

“Activities on the ground persist, including support for the Lebanese army and local communities. We now await the mandate renewal outcome, which is not only a political issue but also a financial one, as UN payments are in arrears, affecting UNIFIL and the broader United Nations.”

Tenenti warned that potential reductions in personnel could affect operations.

“It will be difficult to carry out all activities with fewer troops. If numbers are reduced due to financial constraints, the mission will need to accomplish more with fewer personnel,” he said.

He added that UNIFIL’s current operational context is far different from the past, citing changes in Lebanon, Syria, and the wider region, and noting long-term plans are in place to adapt to fewer troops while continuing support for authorities and residents.

On the naval component, Tenenti said it is unclear whether reductions will occur, but modern technology allows for significant work even with fewer ships or personnel.

“UNIFIL’s presence is more necessary now than ever,” Tenenti said. “Without it, there would be no neutral entity reporting to the Security Council and the international community.”

Regarding whether UNIFIL’s withdrawal would coincide with an Israeli pullback from occupied positions, he said: “It is difficult to predict. We have consistently called for Israel to withdraw. If Lebanese authorities implement their part, the Israeli army should do the same. The Lebanese army is deployed in the south and is also locating unauthorized weapons.”

Tenenti stressed that UNIFIL coordinates all activities with the Lebanese army and does not seize weapons found in the south, in line with UN Security Council Resolution 1701.