Lebanese officials are increasingly concerned about the potential collapse of the fragile ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hezbollah, citing continuous Israeli violations. Security and political sources in Beirut told The National that the country is bracing for a worst-case scenario just one month after the truce took effect and a month before it is set to transition into a permanent ceasefire.

The truce, which came into effect on November 27, brought a temporary halt to the devastating war. It requires Hezbollah to withdraw north of the Litani River and Israeli forces to reduce their presence in southern Lebanon, while the Lebanese army increases its deployment in the region.

However, the situation remains tense as Lebanese officials reported over 300 Israeli violations since the agreement was signed, including deep incursions into southern Lebanese territories. On Thursday, the Lebanese army confirmed that Israeli troops entered several southern villages. Israeli airstrikes have also targeted various locations, including the Bekaa region, which officials interpret as an attempt to expand Israel's “freedom of action” and establish new rules of engagement.

“This development, which shows Israeli behaviour outside of any commitment or procedures, as if there were no understanding or commitments, requires the Lebanese state, government, army, and relevant parties to immediately reassess their positions and review the current situation,” a source close to Hezbollah told The National.

The violations have had devastating consequences. Thirty Lebanese civilians have been killed since the ceasefire began, and hundreds of thousands remain displaced as their homes lie in ruins. The humanitarian crisis is compounded by Lebanon’s ongoing economic collapse, which has crippled essential sectors, including healthcare.

“The situation is very bad,” a security official said. “There is a feeling in Lebanese circles that Israel doesn’t want the deal any more or that it is preparing the ground for some type of permanent occupation.”

Israeli officials have largely remained silent about their operations in southern Lebanon but have warned Lebanese residents against returning to villages before the withdrawal of Israeli troops. Meanwhile, dozens of houses have been destroyed in southern villages, further exacerbating the humanitarian toll.

As tensions escalate, Lebanese officials and analysts warn that the next steps taken by both sides will determine whether the fragile ceasefire can hold or whether the region is on the brink of renewed conflict.